The Urban Heat Island Effect: A pressing challenge for India’s rapidly urbanizing cities

As India undergoes rapid urbanization, its cities are confronting a significant environmental and public health issue – the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This phenomenon, characterized by higher temperatures in urban areas compared to surrounding rural regions, poses severe risks to the well-being of urban dwellers and demands immediate attention and action. The UHI effect is exacerbated by various factors intrinsic to the urban landscape, including high population density, concentration of buildings and infrastructure, lack of green spaces and vegetation, and emissions from industries and transportation.

The impact of the UHI effect is particularly pronounced in large Indian cities, where the heat stress is often more severe due to the increased energy demands for air conditioning and other energy-intensive systems. However, smaller cities are not immune to this phenomenon, as rapid urbanization and unplanned development contribute to increased heat retention and reduced cooling potential.

This research article looks into the intricacies of the urban heat island effect in Indian cities, exploring its contributing factors, health impacts, and strategies for mitigation. By understanding the complexities of this issue, we can better equip policymakers, urban planners, and communities to create more sustainable and resilient urban environments.